California Title 24 is the state’s energy code that establishes minimum efficiency standards for heating, cooling, and ventilation systems in residential and commercial buildings. Updated every three years, Title 24 sets requirements for HVAC equipment ratings, duct insulation, system controls, and indoor air quality. Compliance is mandatory for all new construction and major renovations in California.
Current Requirements
Title 24-2022 mandates SEER2 ratings of 16 or higher for air conditioners in most California climate zones, HSPF2 ratings of 8.5 or higher for heat pumps, and AFUE ratings of 92% for furnaces. Ductwork must be insulated to R-8 minimum in conditioned spaces and R-6 in unconditioned spaces. Smart thermostats with at least two-stage capability are required for new installations.
Practical Significance
Non-compliance can result in project delays, fines up to $1,000 per violation, and inability to obtain occupancy permits. HVAC contractors must complete Title 24 training and maintain current certifications. Proper commissioning documentation and duct leakage testing below 8% of fan flow are essential for demonstrating compliance and ensuring systems operate at rated efficiency levels.