Demand Controlled Ventilation (DCV) automatically adjusts outdoor air intake based on real-time indoor air quality measurements, reducing energy consumption by 20-40%. CO₂ sensors typically trigger increased ventilation when levels exceed 800-1000 ppm, indicating occupant presence and activity levels. This approach reduces unnecessary conditioning of excess outdoor air during low-occupancy periods.
Sensor Technologies
CO₂ sensors cost $200-$500 and require calibration every 2-3 years. Some advanced systems integrate occupancy sensors, humidity detectors, and VOC monitors for comprehensive air quality response. Commercial applications achieve 30-35% energy savings compared to continuous ventilation standards.
Implementation Considerations
DCV requires compatible HVAC controls and damper actuators for modulating outdoor air intake. Installation in existing systems typically costs $1,500-$3,000. ASHRAE 62.1 recommends DCV for spaces with variable occupancy, while residential applications remain less common due to complexity and maintenance requirements.