Load Shedding is the controlled reduction or disconnection of electrical loads to balance supply and demand on the power grid during peak periods or emergencies. In HVAC systems, load shedding typically involves temporarily reducing cooling or heating capacity, raising/lowering setpoints, or cycling equipment offline. This grid management tool prevents blackouts and reduces strain on electrical infrastructure.
Technical Details
Load shedding operates in a prioritized sequence, with non-critical HVAC loads reduced first while maintaining essential systems like data center cooling or hospital climate control. Commercial facilities can shed 5-30% of their HVAC load for 15-30 minute periods without significant occupant discomfort. The process requires automated controls integrated with utility communication systems. Larger facilities typically shed loads in stages: first raising cooling setpoints by 2°F, then reducing ventilation rates, and finally cycling equipment offline as needed.
Grid and Financial Impact
Load shedding helps utilities prevent rolling blackouts during peak demand periods. Participating facilities often receive financial incentives or reduced rates in exchange for program participation. Typical compensation ranges from 5-15% of peak-period energy costs.