Whole Building Energy Simulation is a computer-based modeling process that calculates hourly energy consumption for all systems in a building throughout an entire year. This comprehensive analysis predicts heating, cooling, lighting, and plug loads by simulating building performance under varying weather conditions, occupancy schedules, and equipment operations. Simulations use software such as EnergyPlus, DOE-2, and TRNSYS to assess energy use intensity (EUI) in kBtu/sf/year.
Technical Details
Simulations require detailed inputs including building geometry, wall and roof thermal properties (R-values), window specifications, HVAC system configurations, and control strategies. Weather data files with 8,760 hourly entries drive the calculations. Results identify peak loads, annual consumption patterns, and opportunities for optimization through equipment sizing, system sequencing, and demand response programs.
Applications
Whole Building Energy Simulation supports design decisions during new construction and major renovations, validates energy code compliance, and establishes baseline consumption for retrofit projects. Energy engineers use simulations to compare design alternatives, evaluate the impact of renewable energy systems, and estimate utility bill savings from proposed improvements.