The Significant New Alternatives Policy is the EPA’s comprehensive regulatory program for identifying, evaluating, and approving substitute chemicals for ozone-depleting substances in HVAC and refrigeration systems. Enacted under the Clean Air Act Section 612, it establishes criteria for safety, environmental impact, and technical performance. The policy accelerates the transition from CFCs, HCFCs, and high-GWP refrigerants to lower-impact alternatives.
Evaluation Criteria
EPA assessments include ozone depletion potential (ODP), global warming potential (GWP), flammability per ASHRAE 15 safety classifications, toxicity, cost, and equipment compatibility. Approved alternatives appear on official SNAP substitution tables for each application category. These tables guide manufacturers, contractors, and facility managers in selecting compliant refrigerants.
Environmental Objectives
The program supports international climate commitments, including the Montreal Protocol and Kigali Amendment. By systematically replacing high-GWP HFCs with low-GWP HFOs and other alternatives, SNAP avoids approximately 110 billion metric tons of CO2-equivalent emissions through 2050. Regular program updates reflect scientific advances and regulatory evolution.