A solar string is a series of photovoltaic modules electrically connected together to produce higher voltage output. Strings are the fundamental building blocks of solar arrays, with typical configurations ranging from 8 to 20 modules per string depending on system voltage requirements and inverter specifications.
Configuration and Design
Modules in a string are wired positive-to-negative in series, accumulating voltages. A 10-module string with 40V per module produces approximately 400V total. Strings are then combined in parallel through combiner boxes to increase current capacity while maintaining system voltage within inverter operating limits (typically 250-600V DC).
Performance Considerations
Shading of even one module reduces output for the entire string, since current flow is limited by the weakest module. Bypass diodes on modules mitigate this effect by allowing current around shaded cells. Proper string sizing ensures balanced performance and minimizes voltage stress on equipment. String monitoring systems track individual string performance to identify degradation or faults.